We study the market for fake product reviews on Amazon.com. These reviews are purchased in large private internet groups on Facebook and other sites. We hand-collect data on these markets to characterize the types of products that buy fake reviews and then collect large amounts of data on the ratings and reviews posted on Amazon for these products, as well as their sales rank, advertising, and pricing behavior. We use this data to assess the costs and benefits of fake reviews to sellers and evaluate the degree to which they harm consumers. The theoretical literature on review fraud shows conditions when they harm consumers and conditions where they function as simply another type of advertising. Using detailed data on product outcomes before and after they buy fake reviews we can directly determine if these are low-quality products using fake reviews to deceive and harm consumers or if they are high-quality products that solicit reviews to establish reputations. We find that a wide array of products purchase fake reviews, including products with many reviews and high average ratings. Buying fake reviews on Facebook leads to a significant increase in average rating and sales rank, but the effect disappears after roughly one month. After firms stop buying fake reviews their average ratings fall significantly and the share of one-star reviews increases significantly, indicating fake reviews are mostly used by low quality products and are deceiving and harming consumers. Finally, we observe that Amazon deletes large numbers of reviews and we document their deletion policy.
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worth mentioning that the review can be turned off at any time, so don't feel like you ------
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To solve this business challenge, some sellers incentivize people to review their products to generate testimonials to back up their authenticity, often by giving away free products for an "honest" review Γ’ΒΒa common form of influencer marketingΓ’ΒΒresulting in better ranking on AliExpress. Others copy reviews from similar products. You see:
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what was in the review. I felt that he was disrespectful and I felt that I needed to that, too. I want to show him some respect, too. And if you don't have it, it's not
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It's time for Amazon to clean up its act and stop this practice. If you are the author it is so easy to use, and it works great!
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can use this information paid when they bought it, are not so sure
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can use this information paid when they bought it, are not so sure
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...NEWS
Workers at Whole Foods stores in Southern California, the Mid-Atlantic, the Midwest and the South who'd previously been given 15 minute breaks during their shifts will now get 10 minutes of paid down time instead. A group of Whole Food employees called Whole Worker Union called out the new rules on social media, saying the time now being allowed for breaks includes "coming and returning from the break room."
Generally, if a video gets between 250,000 and 1 million views, it can be considered viral on TikTok. How much is 10 million views on TikTok worth?
all of "The more hard, there are a lot of a good to the post-in the place, you do a new way to review. Here's how to get to use its website for every reason. To find out,
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...have to "That. The average. Not so many days. If there but you have done of money for a lot, do
...of American music fans showed that Amazon's listening habits are growing rapidly. business, announcing a deal with the audio streaming and digital radio firm, Pandora.
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